The HVAC industry is gearing up for a significant change that will impact both professionals and consumers alike. Starting January 1, 2025, a new set of regulations will usher in a transition away from commonly used refrigerants, marking a major shift in the way heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems operate. This change is part of a broader effort to reduce environmental impact, and it’s crucial for homeowners, business owners, and HVAC professionals to understand what’s coming.
Why the Change?
The upcoming refrigerant change is largely driven by environmental concerns. Traditional refrigerants like R-410A, which have been widely used in air conditioning and heat pump systems, are potent greenhouse gases. They contribute to global warming when they leak into the atmosphere, even in small amounts. To combat this, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and other global regulatory bodies are pushing for the adoption of refrigerants with a lower Global Warming Potential (GWP).
The Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, which many countries have ratified, is a key driver of this change. It mandates a phasedown of high-GWP hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), the class of chemicals to which R-410A belongs. As part of this phasedown, the HVAC industry must shift to more environmentally friendly refrigerants.
What Refrigerants Are Being Phased Out?
R-410A is the primary refrigerant being targeted in this transition. Since its introduction, R-410A has been the standard for residential and commercial air conditioning systems. However, its high GWP of around 2,088 makes it a significant contributor to climate change.
As of January 2025, HVAC systems using R-410A will no longer be produced in the United States. While existing systems can continue to be serviced, the production and importation of R-410A will be significantly reduced, leading to higher costs and eventually phasing it out altogether. Total Air does however expect R410A to remain in existence for the next 10+ years allowing us to service homes in Montgomery County effectively. The beginning of the R22 phase out began in Jan 2010 and we are still able to locate it in 2024.
The New Refrigerants: What’s Next?
Several alternatives to R-410A have been identified as suitable replacements, with R-32 and R-454B being the frontrunners. These refrigerants have a much lower GWP—R-32 has a GWP of 675, and R-454B has a GWP of around 466—making them far less harmful to the environment. Manufacturers will be choosing one of these refrigerant types for their equipment. It may vary depending on brand, as all brands will not choose the same refrigerant replacement which means hvac technicians will need to carry multiple refrigerant types on their trucks beginning in 2025.
Impact on the HVAC Industry
This transition represents a significant shift for the HVAC industry. Manufacturers are already rolling out new equipment designed to work with these low-GWP refrigerants. For HVAC technicians, this change will require new training and certification to safely handle and service the new refrigerants. Homeowners and business owners should be aware that while existing systems using R-410A will not suddenly become obsolete, the cost of maintaining them may rise in the future as the refrigerant becomes scarcer and more expensive.
What Homeowners and Businesses Need to Do
If you own an HVAC system that uses R-410A, there’s no immediate need to panic. Your system will not stop working on January 1, 2025. However, it’s a good idea to start planning:
- Replace with R410A in 2024 and Save Money: Homeowners should be aware that new R-32 and R-454B systems will raise equipment costs by $2,000 to $3,000 per system due to new safety features built into the equipment. If your system is nearing the end of its lifespan you may consider changing to a new R-410A system today if you want to avoid that cost increase for a new system in 2025. R410 refrigerant will still be available for servicing and Total Air does not expect it to go away anytime soon.
- Plan for a low-GWP system: If are not in a position to replace with a R410 system in 2024, plan upgrading to a new system that uses a low-GWP refrigerant. This will not only help the environment but could also save you money in the long run as R-410A becomes more expensive.
- Budget for Higher Maintenance Costs: If you plan to keep your current system for a few more years, be prepared for potential increases in maintenance costs as R-410A prices rise.
- Stay Informed: Keep an eye on industry news and updates. The HVAC industry is evolving rapidly, and staying informed will help you make the best decisions for your home or business.
Conclusion
The refrigerant change coming in January 2025 is a necessary step toward reducing the environmental impact of HVAC systems. While it may require some adjustments and investments, the long-term benefits for the planet make it a worthwhile endeavor. By understanding what’s coming and planning ahead, homeowners and businesses can ensure a smooth transition and continue to enjoy reliable, efficient heating and cooling for years to come.
Schedule a meeting with a Comfort Advisor to learn more about the change and receive a free estimate for HVAC replacement.
